Table 5 Expected total genetic superiority (ΔG) and additive genetic gain (ΔU) with selection on total genetic value ( $\widehat{\mathit{g}}$ ) or breeding value ( $\widehat{\mathit{u}}$ )

Milk yield

Selection on $\widehat{\mathit{g}}$

165.2

1.01

137.7

0.85

Selection on $\widehat{\mathit{u}}$

143.8

0.88

143.8

0.89

Protein yield

Selection on $\widehat{\mathit{g}}$

4.15

1.01

3.09

0.74

Selection on $\widehat{\mathit{u}}$

3.24

0.79

3.16

0.76