Table 1 Features of the Montbéliarde (MON), Normande (NOR), Holstein (HOL), and multi-breed populations

Phenotyped cows

44,959

12,428

14,530

71,917

Total test-day records

293,780

58,594

72,973

425,347

Test-day records per cow

6.5

4.7

5

5.9

Genotyped cows

3032

2659

2216

7907

Polymorphic 50 K SNPs

37,332

37,690

39,158

41,028

Polymorphic HD SNPs

548,185

549,359

553,712

586,749

Polymorphic sequence variants

15,957,336

14,809,860

15,116,501

18,366,748

Sequence variants (MAF ≥ 2%)

11,755,172

11,445,432

11,592,432

13,534,013