Genetic variability and history of a native Finnish horse breed

Table 1 Samples analysed with the Illumina Equine SNP70 BeadChip, and the obtained expected heterozygosity and inbreeding estimates

Breed/breeding section	N mares	N stallions/geldings	H_E	F_IS	Mean number of ROH	Mean size of ROH (kb)	\(\hat{F}_{\text{I}}\)	\(\hat{F}_{\text{II}}\)	\(\hat{F}_{\text{III}}\)	F_PED
Finnhorse/not in studbook	5	6	0.325	0.012	8.2	15,927	− 0.057	0.033	− 0.012	0.034
Finnhorse/trotter	6	6	0.318	0.004	9.5	13,854	− 0.067	0.046	− 0.010	0.045
Finnhorse/riding	5	7	0.324	0.010	8.2	13,978	− 0.049	0.035	− 0.007	0.039
Finnhorse/pony-sized	5	5	0.326	0.014	6.7	15,350	− 0.023	0.011	− 0.006	0.032
Finnhorse/draught	6	6	0.324	0.005	7.6	16,221	− 0.051	0.032	− 0.010	0.031
All Finnhorses	27	30	0.324	0.016	8.1	15,036	− 0.050	0.032	− 0.009	0.036
Estonian Horse	–	1	NA	NA	12	14,742	0.207	− 0.075	0.066	0.042
Warmblood trotter	1	1	NA	NA	32	10,674	0.588	− 0.012	0.288	0.131
Irish Cob	1	–	NA	NA	20	8994	0.290	0.043	0.166	NA
Welsh mountain	–	1	NA	NA	26	12,892	0.283	0.034	0.158	0.071
Shetland pony	1	1	NA	NA	21	10,162	0.279	0.114	0.196	0.020
KWPN (Royal Dutch Sport Horse)	1	–	NA	NA	11	8368	0.507	− 0.192	0.158	0.007
Gotland Russ	1	–	NA	NA	38	13,606	0.367	0.194	0.281	0.140
FWB (Finnish Warmblood)	1	–	NA	NA	13	6846	0.560	− 0.183	0.189	0.006
Norwegian Fjord	–	1	NA	NA	19	12,055	0.198	0.038	0.118	0.045
American Quarter	–	1	NA	NA	16	13,197	0.438	− 0.156	0.141	0.012
Mixed breeds group	6	6	0.352	0.143	21.5	11,031	0.382	− 0.008	0.187	0.057

Note, if only one individual of a breed was analysed, the individual numbers and sizes of ROH and inbreeding coefficients are presented, but not averages
N = number of individuals, H_E = expected heterozygosity, F_IS = inbreeding coefficient based on difference between expected and observed heterozygosities, mean number of ROH = mean number of runs of homozygosity extending over 1000 kb, mean size of ROH extending over 1000 kb, \(\hat{F}_{\text{I}}\) = inbreeding coefficient based on variance-standardized relationship minus 1, \(\hat{F}_{\text{II}}\) = inbreeding coefficient based on excess of heterozygosity and \(\hat{F}_{\text{III}}\) = inbreeding coefficient based on correlation between uniting gametes and F_PED = inbreeding coefficient based on pedigrees