Fig. 1

Illustration of the general strategy of predicting the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) in the target population. The accuracy of GEBV in the target \((t)\) population is predicted based on the accuracy of GEBV in the reference \((r)\)population of genotyped and phenotyped individuals, by separating the accuracy of GEBV (\({r}_{G}\)) into the accuracy of pedigree information (\({r}_{A}\)) and genomics (\({r}_{D}\)), using \({M}_{e}\) as a key parameter of the reference population and \({p}_{rt}\) representing the loss of accuracy of genomic information from the reference to the target population