Table 3 Mean relative bias (in %) in estimates of the i-th canonical eigenvalue and of the mean eigenvalue $(\overline{\lambda })$, and mean absolute bias in estimates of the i-th heritability (×100).

q ¹

i

None

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\lambda }}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\lambda }}^{\ell }$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\lambda }}^{\ell 2}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\beta }}^{\mathit{a}}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\beta }}^{\mathit{b}}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\beta }}^{\mathit{c}}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathbf{\Sigma }}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathbf{\Sigma }}^2$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\rho }}$

${\mathcal{P}}_{\mathit{\rho }}^2$