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Mitochondrial DNA diversity and phenotypic variation in wild and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa: insights into the dynamics of contact zones between the two related forms

Diversité mitochondriale et variation phénotypique dans des populations sauvages et cultivées de Medicago sativa: inférences sur la dynamique des zones de contact entre les deux formes apparentées

Genetics Selection Evolution volume 33, Article number: S381 (2001) Cite this article

Abstract

In order to understand the dynamics of contact zones between natural and cultivated populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Spain, we investigated the patterns of mitochondrial variation (characterized through restriction fragment length polymorphisms) for 173 individuals in four natural and four cultivated populations of this species. We also examined the relationship between mtDNA and phenotypic variation. This study shows that cytoplasmic variation occurs in both natural and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa. Among the five mitotypes identified in the species, two are specific from the natural populations. The distribution of shared mitotypes between wild and cultivated forms attested to the occurrence of gene flow through seed from cultivated towards natural populations. Comparisons between cytoplasmic and phenotypic patterns of variation give information on the patterns of gene exchange that occur in contact zones over successive generations.

Résumé

Pour comprendre la dynamique de zones de contact entre des populations naturelles et cultivées de luzerne (Medicago sativa L.) en Espagne, nous avons étudié l’organisation de la diversité mitochondriale au sein de quatre populations naturelles et quatre populations cultivées, et examiné les relations entre variabilité mitochondriale et phénotypique. La diversité mitochondriale a été caractérisée par hybridation de séquences mitochondriales sur l’ADN total. Cette étude montre qu’il existe un polymorphisme cytoplasmique au sein des populations naturelles et cultivées de Medicago sativa. Cinq mitotypes ont été identifiés dont deux sont spécifiques des populations naturelles. Les trois mitotypes du compartiment cultivé, présents en fréquences variables dans le compartiment sauvage, attestent de l’existence de flux de graines des populations cultivées vers les populations sauvages. La comparaison de la variation mitochondriale et phénotypique nous permet de faire des inférences sur les échanges géniques en jeu dans les zones de contact au cours des générations successives.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de ressources génétiques et d’amélioration des luzernes méditerranéennes, Station de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Domaine de Melgueil, 34130, Mauguio, France

    Marie-Hélène Muller, Christian Balsera, Gérard Génier, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Sylvie Roussel, Sylvain Santoni, Olivier Soudière, Denis Tauzin, Marin Vabre & Joëlle Ronfort

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  1. Marie-Hélène Muller
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  2. Christian Balsera
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  3. Gérard Génier
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  10. Joëlle Ronfort
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Correspondence to Joëlle Ronfort.

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Muller, MH., Balsera, C., Génier, G. et al. Mitochondrial DNA diversity and phenotypic variation in wild and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa: insights into the dynamics of contact zones between the two related forms. Genet Sel Evol 33 (Suppl 1), S381 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03500891

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Genetics Selection Evolution

ISSN: 1297-9686