Fig. 2

Deleterious allele frequencies and load in simulated populations when deleterious variants are either codominant or recessive. The violin plot shows individual deleterious load broken down into heterozygous and homozygous load with codominant or recessive variants. The scatterplots show the relationship between deleterious allele frequency and deleterious effect size. The effect size ranges from 0 to 1, where an effect size of 0 means a harmless variant, and of 1 a lethal variant (see “Methods”)