The importance of controlled mating in honeybee breeding

Table 3 Genetic gain from year 5 to 20 in in the breeding population without controlled mating when different proportions q of the PQ have dams from the breeding population

BQ	PQ	\(r_{md}=-\,0.53\)						\(r_{md}=-\,0.88\)
		Uncontrolled, \(q=\)					Contr.	Uncontrolled, \(q=\)					Contr.
		0.0	0.25	0.5	0.75	1.0		0.0	0.25	0.5	0.75	1.0
500	500	1.37	1.54	1.66	1.72	1.77	4.67	0.32	0.36	0.39	0.39	0.43	1.77
	1000	1.07	1.23	1.38	1.51	1.58	4.71	0.24	0.29	0.33	0.35	0.37	1.78
	2000	0.74	1.02	1.17	1.34	1.42	4.71	0.19	0.25	0.28	0.31	0.34	1.80
1000	500	1.71	1.82	1.88	1.93	1.97	4.93	0.41	0.43	0.44	0.46	0.47	2.02
	1000	1.40	1.54	1.65	1.73	1.78	4.92	0.32	0.36	0.38	0.41	0.42	2.03
	2000	1.03	1.24	1.38	1.51	1.60	4.96	0.25	0.29	0.33	0.36	0.38	2.02
2000	500	1.98	2.04	2.07	2.09	2.13	5.07	0.47	0.48	0.49	0.50	0.50	2.19
	1000	1.72	1.81	1.89	1.93	1.98	5.07	0.40	0.43	0.44	0.45	0.46	2.20
	2000	1.40	1.55	1.64	1.73	1.79	5.08	0.33	0.36	0.38	0.41	0.42	2.19

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