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Table 4 Accuracies of genomic predictions for average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in different validation groups for univariate (UNI) or bivariate (BI) single-step genomic prediction models with or without metafounders (MF), each with their optimal weighting factor (ω) in the two populations

From: Single-step genomic evaluation with metafounders for feed conversion ratio and average daily gain in Danish Landrace and Yorkshire pigs

Population

Trait

Validation group

UNI_SSGBLUP

UNI_MF-SSGBLUP

BI_SSGBLUP

BI_MF-SSGBLUP

Landrace

ADG (ω = 0.20)

All

0.355a

0.356a

0.355a

0.356a

Genotyped

0.410a

0.410a

0.410a

0.410a

Non-genotyped

0.327a

0.327a

0.326a

0.327a

FCR (ω = 0.70)

All

0.192a

0.193a

0.193a

0.196b

Genotyped

0.200a

0.206b

0.201a

0.206b

Non-genotyped

0.167a

0.170a

0.179b

0.180b

Yorkshire

ADG (ω = 0.25)

All

0.347a

0.347a

0.347a

0.347a

Genotyped

0.395a

0.395a

0.394a

0.394a

Non-genotyped

0.309a

0.309a

0.309a

0.308a

FCR (ω = 0.10)

All

0.355a

0.355a

0.344b

0.344b

Genotyped

0.370a

0.367a

0.357b

0.356b

Non-genotyped

0.118a

0.121a

0.117a

0.114a

  1. The four methods are UNI_SSGBLUP, UNI_MF-SSGBLUP, BI_SSGBLUP and BI_MF-SSGBLUP
  2. Validation groups are the validation population including all the young pigs born between 1 May 2016 and 1 February 2017, and two subgroups of genotyped and non-genotyped animals
  3. The results for ADG and FCR bivariate single-step genomic prediction models are obtained with their optimal ω respectively
  4. Superscript letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) by the Hotelling–Williams t-test