Fig. 2

Sperm of a bull homozygous for the 1-bp deletion and of a control bull. Representative phase-contrast (a, b), eosin-nigrosin stained (c, d), and scanning electron microscopy images (e, f) of sperm of a bull homozygous for the 1-bp deletion (a, c, e) and of a control bull (b, d, f) with normal sperm quality. Sperm of the affected bull show multiple morphological abnormalities of head and flagella (a). Phase-contrast microscopy also revealed numerous cell debris particles. Viable sperm remain unstained and appear white in eosin-nigrosin stained images whereas dead sperm are stained and appear purple (c, d). Flagella of the affected bull are irregularly shaped and mostly have an uneven surface (e). Scale bar: 5 µm